ILR Interagency Language Roundtable
Webliography of Less Commonly Taught Languages: Arabic
 
 
Last updated: 25 August 2004

Arabic

Note: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) is the written language for all Arabic dialects.
Language Family: West Semitic branch of Semitic group of Afro-Asiatic language family
Location:
Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Iraq, Jordan, Qatar, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Palestine, Yemen, Egypt and North Africa (Algeria, Morocco), Sudan, Libya.


* * RAPID REFERENCE * *

  • I. Profession Associations/Organizations
  • II. Mega Resource Sites
  • III. Online Language Materials/Tutorials
  • IV. Online Dictionaries
  • V. Country/Culture and Media Sites
  • VI. Arabic Language Help
  • I. Professional Associations/Organizations


  • American Association of Teachers of Arabic
    "The American Association of Teachers of Arabic (AATA) aims to facilitate communication and cooperation between teachers of Arabic and to promote study, criticism, research and instruction in the field of Arabic language pedagogy, Arabic linguistics and Arabic literature."

  • European Association for Middle Eastern Studies (EURAMES)
    "Eurames is the organizer of the European network of Middle Eastern Studies, an academic exchange or information concerning research on the Middle East. Eurames runs the Eurames Info Service via e-mail, and will host thematic working groups and links to European and other centres and university departments working on the Middle East."

  • Middle East Studies Association (MESA)
    From About: "MESA is a private nonprofit, nonpolitical organization of scholars and other persons interested in the study of the Middle East, North Africa and the Islamic world. MESA is dedicated to promoting high standards of scholarship and instruction, to facilitating communication among scholars through annual meetings and publications, and to promoting cooperation among those who study the Middle East."

  • National Middle East Language Resource Center (NMELRC)
    NMELRC at Brigham Young University, " seeks to coordinate efforts aimed at increasing and improving opportunities for learning the languages of the Middle East. The center undertakes and supports projects in areas such as teacher training, materials development, testing and assessment, integration of pedagogy and technology, study abroad, and K-12 programs. It works across Middle East languages to foster cooperation and joint utilization of expertise and resources."

  • Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Vorderer Orient für gegenwartsbezogene Forschung und Dokumentation (DAVO)
    Description: " DAVO is a scholarly, nonpolitical and nonprofit-making professional association open to all persons interested in the Middle East. The main aim of DAVO is to improve the exchange of information on Middle East studies between its members and various national and international institutions."

  • American Oriental Society
    "The oldest learned society in the United States devoted to a particular field of scholarship.... From the beginning its aims have been humanistic. The encouragement of basic research in the languages and literatures of Asia has always been central in its tradition. This tradition has come to include such subjects as philology, literary criticism, textual criticism, paleography, epigraphy, linguistics, biography, archaeology, and the history of the intellectual and imaginative aspects of Oriental civilizations, especially of philosophy, religion, folklore and art."

  • II. Mega Resource Sites


  • WWW Virtual Library - Middle East and Jewish Studies
    From Columbia University, this mega-resource site offers links to Middle East Bibliographies, Libraries, News Sources, Regional and by Country Resources, etc.

  • Middle East, North Africa Internet Resource Guide
    A solid resource guide by Joseph W. Roberts, Department of Political Science, Middle East Center, University of Utah.

  • Center for Middle Eastern Studies, University of Texas at Austin

  • Middle East Network Information Center (MENIC)
    This public service site from the University of Texas Center for Middle Eastern Studies (noted above) offers in-country information on subjects ranging from arts and humanities, and education, to society and culture.

  • Link Name
    Description

  • III. Online Language Materials/Tutorials


  • Arabic Language Resources
    Links from the Middle East and Jewish Studies Center at Columbia University.

  • Arabic literature, calligraphy and numerals
    Three extensively illustrated articles on Arabic literature, calligraphy and numerals from Aramco and Its World

  • The Arabic Language Pages
    By Dale Frakes: "These pages are to assist students of the Arabic language find materials to improve their language learning experience."

  • Babel: online Arabic Course
    Basic introductory course to conversation and writing. Links to other resources.

  • Languages-on-the-Web: Arabic
    A list of Arabic language dictionaries, encyclopedias, and other general reference aids. Not all sites are "freeware." Not all links work.

  • Learn Arabic
    From Sakhr Media -- This appears to be a fairly robust online course. It consists of an Introduction and materials ordered from Level 1 through Level 5. Each level consists of 12 lessons divided into Listening and Graphic with subtopics.

  • Arabic Language
    From the Michigan Library System, links to Arabic fonts, language pages and other resources.

  • Arabic Program at Penn
    By Roger Allen of University of Pennsylvania. Includes online audio lessons.

  • Self Study: Arabic
    A list of resource links from the Yamada Language Center, University of Oregon

    IV. Online Dictionaries



  • Languages-on-the-Web: Arabic
    A list of Arabic language dictionaries, encyclopedias, and other general reference aids. Not all sites are "freeware." Not all links work.

  • Ajeeb.com online Dictionary
    Ajeeb.com, which describes itself as "the leading Arab portal on the Net," offers a selection of online dictionaries for bi-directional translation in Arabic, English, and French.


    V. Country/Culture and Media Sites



  • Arabic Search Engine: Directory of Arabic and Islamic Sites
    Massive resources with links to all countries where Arabic is spoken.

  • Al-Bab.com
    Al-Bab.com describes itself as a gateway to the Arab world. It included Country Guides and Regional News for all Arab-speaking states, as well as background and cultural information about various Arab movements.

  • MidEast Web GateWay
    About: "Mideast Web was started by people active in Middle East dialog and peace education efforts. Our goal is to weave a worldwide web of Arabs, Jews and others who want to build a new Middle East based on coexistence and neighborly relations. Our members and staff include distinguished educators, engineers, Web designers and other professionals experienced in dialog, peace education projects and in promoting dialog and coexistence using the Internet.

  • Ajeeb.com
    About Ajeeb: "Ajeeb.com, the leading Arab portal on the Net, offers a wealth of information on the Middle East in both the Arabic and English languages. Based on cutting-edge technologies from Sakhr, the portal offers users a host of unique and free services, including English to Arabic machine translation for text in any format, a comprehensive directory of regional Web sites, a powerful Web search engine and the first service of its kind in the region to monitor and aggregate news and other dynamic information on the Web."

  • Fertile Crescent Homepage
    " What is the Fertile Crescent Home Page (FCHP)? The FCHP is intended as a common meeting place where all the sons and daughters of the Fertile Crescent are welcome. A place free from sectarianism and negativity; a place where Muslims, Christians, Druzes, Alawites, Yezidis, Kurds, Assyrians, Arabs, Armenians, Circassians, etc.... can come together in peace and brotherhood."

  • Al-Marshriq "Cultural riches from the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean." Extensive links to just about everything.

  • The Encyclopaedia of the Orient
    From What is this? "The Encyclopaedia of the Orient is a one-stop online resource which covers all countries and cultures between Mauritania in the west and Iran in the east, Turkey in the north and Sudan in south. It is exactly what the name indicates, an encyclopaedia. And even better, you will never come to a page that suddenly tells you that you can't get any further unless you pay for a subscription. Everything is free."

    Arabic Pathways
    From the University of Tennessee, Martin, a solid resource page with some unusual links.


  • Yahoo News -- Middle East Conflict
    A daily digest of latest late-breaking news taken from various news agencies.

  • Kidon Media-Links: Arabic speaking countries
    The Arabic language selections of this Media-Link Megasite connect you with radio and television stations, newspapers
    and magazines. Direct preset links to specific Arabic speaking countries are included in the individual sections below.

  • VOA News - Middle East
    This link to the Voice of America Middle East news if preset

  • BBC World News - Middle East
    This link to BBC World News is preset to Middle East. Link here to Arabic Language Edition of BBC.

  • ArabNet
    From About: "Our aim is to provide the most comprehensive online resource on the Arab world, primarily dealing with countries in the Middle East and North Africa. [...] ArabNet is owned by ArabNet Technology (ANT), part of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group, publisher of the leading newspapers and magazines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia including Asharq Al-Awsat."



  • Ajeeb.com
    About Ajeeb: "Ajeeb.com, the leading Arab portal on the Net, offers a wealth of information on the Middle East in both the Arabic and English languages. Based on cutting-edge technologies from Sakhr, the portal offers users a host of unique and free services, including English to Arabic machine translation for text in any format, a comprehensive directory of regional Web sites, a powerful Web search engine and the first service of its kind in the region to monitor and aggregate news and other dynamic information on the Web."

  • Al-Bab.com
    Al-Bab.com describes itself as a gateway to the Arab world. It included Country Guides and Regional News for all Arab-speaking states, as well as background and cultural information about various Arab movements.

  • Planetarabia.com
    Primarily a news website that describes itself as "Portal to the Arab world."


    B. Algeria



  • Middle East Network Information Center - Algeria
    This public service site from the University of Texas Center for Middle Eastern Studies offers in-country information on subjects ranging from arts and humanities, and education, to society and culture.

  • Middle East and Jewish Studies - Algeria
    Individual country links from Columbia University and WWW Virtual Library noted above in Mega Resource Sites.

  • Library of Congress - Portals to the World: Algeria
    Links to electronic resources selected by Library of Congress subject experts. Site is very conservative and somewhat disappointing in its offerings.

  • Yahoo - Regional, Countries Links: Algeria
    Excellent Yahoo search engine links for countries from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe.

  • Google: Algeria
    Large collections of links related to Algeria, politics, economics, etc.


  • Algeria - A Country Study
    Exceptionally detailed presentation from the Library of Congress. Includes sections on: Geography, Society, Economy, Government and Politics, Very detailed History and Historical Development, Contemporary Trends, etc.

  • U.S. Department of State - Background Notes: Algeria
    Background Notes are updated/revised as they are received from regional bureaus and are added to the database of the Department of State web site. Categories include: Geography, People, History, Government, Political Conditions, Economy, Defense, Foreign Relations, US Relations, and Travel/Business.

  • CIA - The World Factbook: Algeria
    Good resource site for information on Geography, People, Government, Economy, Communications, Transportation,
    Military, and Transnational Issues

  • BBC News Country Profile - Algeria
    Full profiles provide an instant guide to history, politics and economic background of countries; also biographic sketches of leaders, essay on media, and historic timelines. They also include audio and video clips from the BBC archives.

  • Political Resources on the Net - Algeria
    Listings of political sites available on the Internet sorted by country, with links to Parties, Organizations, Governments, Media and more from all around the world.

  • Foreign Government Resources on the Web
    Links to Foreign Government Web Sites from the Documents Center, University of Michigan

  • CountryWatch.com - Algeria
    "CountryWatch is a world leader in providing country specific geopolitical intelligence on each of the 192 countries of the world." Basic information is free; deeper resources require subscription.

  • United Nations Homepage
    Includes links to UN NewsCenter, which includes headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • International Monetary Fund - Algeria
    Headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • The World Bank Group
    This site is undergoing construction problems (2Jan03.) Check later. Includes links to Algeria at a Glance and other WBG sites through Search Algeria .

  • The World Trade Organization
    "The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world's trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business." Includes detailed information on Members and Observers - Algeria (Observer) .

  • U.S. Commercial Service - Algeria
    " The Country Commercial Guides (CCG) are prepared by US
    Embassy Staff once a year and contain information on the
    business and economic situation of foreign countries and the
    political climate as it affects U.S. business."

  • TradePort Country Library - Algeria
    From About: "TradePort is designed to be an easy-to-use tool offering one place to go for comprehensive trade information,
    trade leads, and company databases."

  • Energy Information Administration Country Analysis Briefs - Algeria
    From About: "The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, the a statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Energy. We provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analysis to promote sound policy making efficient markets and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and environment."

  • World Health Organization - Algeria
    About WHO: "The World Health Organization, the United Nations specialized agency for health, was established on 7 April 1948. WHO's objective, as set out in its Constitution, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health is defined in WHO's Constitution as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

  • International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies - Algeria
    The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is the world's largest humanitarian organisation, with 178 member National Societies.

  • Amnesty International - Algeria
    Amnesty Intention is a champion defender of human rights worldwide. Familiarity with a given country's human rights issues can provide a unique insight into many other aspects of its culture and politics.

  • Human Rights Watch - Algeria
    Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world.

  • Official OPEC Website
    The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) "is an international Organization of eleven developing countries which are heavily reliant on oil revenues as their main source of income. Membership is open to any country which is a substantial net exporter of oil and which shares the ideals of the Organization. The current Members are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela." Site includes links to information on individual Member Countries
    .

  • Lonely Planet - Destinations: Algeria
    The people at the offbeat Lonely Planet website are not your typical travel guides -- they're very bright and know what they're talking about. Their goal is not to "sell the country" to travelers. Instead, they tell it how it is. Typical headings include: "Warnings" (in case travel is not recommended - the "why's"); Facts for the Traveler, When to Go, Events, Money and Costs, Attractions, Off the Beaten Track, Activities, History, Culture, Environment, Getting There and Away, Getting Around, and Further Reading and Related Weblinks.

  • American Institute of Maghrib Studies
    "The American Institute for Maghrib Studies was founded in 1984 to promote the systematic study of North Africa among interested scholars, specialists, students, and others concerned with the region. AIMS sponsors The Journal of North African Studies (published by Frank Cass in London), publishes a biannual newsletter, produces an annual roster of members and research directory, sponsors yearly academic conferences in North Africa, provides funding support for students and scholars to undertake research in the region, maintains overseas research centers in Tunis (CEMAT) and Tangiers (TALM), hosts an annual summer Arabic language and area studies program in Tangiers, and provides other professional services to its members from time to time."

  • Dangerous Places - Algeria
    This is an unusual website: "The authors and publishers assume no liability nor do they encourage you to do, see, visit or try any of the activities or actions discussed in this site." Nonetheless, there is some very good, hard to find information here - whether you're a soldier of fortune or just an interested student of the country.

  • Arab German Consulting - Algeria
    This website provides a European view of the Arab world. Facts are facts but a careful reading of the History and Government sections often reveals a point of view that is different from American sites. Excellent Links page.



  • Kidon Media-Links: Algeria
    Excellent selection of online radio and television stations, newspapers and magazines.

  • OnlineNewspapers.com - Algeria
    About 20 online Algerian newspapers from this print media megasite.

  • Yahoo! News -- Algeria
    Current and recent events news reports in English from a variety of sources.

  • BBC News Service - Africa
    News, Educational Projects, and even Missing Persons reports.

  • TVRadioWorld - Algeria
    About: "TvRadioWorld is an informational directory dealing with radio and television broadcasters worldwide." Site allows you to bookmark favorite radio stations for listening.



    C. Bahrain




  • Middle East Network Information Center - Bahrain
    This public service site from the University of Texas Center for Middle Eastern Studies offers in-country information on subjects ranging from arts and humanities, and education, to society and culture.

  • Middle East and Jewish Studies - Bahrain
    Individual country links from Columbia University and WWW Virtual Library noted above in Mega Resource Sites.

  • Yahoo Regional Country Sites - Bahrain
    Links to sites for Cities, Arts and Humanities, Business and Economy, Computers and Internet, Country Guides, Education, Government, News and Media, Social Science, Society and Culture, etc.


  • Bahrain - A Country Study
    Exceptionally detailed presentation from the Library of Congress. Includes sections on: Geography, Society, Economy, Government and Politics, Very detailed History and Historical Development, Contemporary Trends, etc. Excellent! (101202)

  • US Department of State - Background Notes: Bahrain
    Background Notes are updated/revised as they are received from regional bureaus and are added to the database of the Department of State web site. Categories include: Geography, People, History, Government, Political Conditions, Economy, Defense, Foreign Relations, US Relations, and Travel/Business.

  • CIA - The World Factbook: Bahrain
    Good resource site for information on Geography, People, Government, Economy, Communications, Transportation,
    Military, and Transnational Issues

  • BBC News Country Profile - Bahrain
    Solid sketch of Facts, Leaders, Media, with links to Historic Timeline, Real Media "Watch/Listen" clips, etc.

  • Political Resources on the Net - Bahrain
    Listings of political sites available on the Internet sorted by country, with links to Parties, Organizations, Governments, Media and more from all around the world.

  • Foreign Government Resources on the Web
    Links to Foreign Government Web Sites from the Documents Center, University of Michigan

  • CountryWatch.com - Bahrain
    "CountryWatch is a world leader in providing country specific geopolitical intelligence on each of the 192 countries of the world." Basic information is free; deeper resources require subscription.

  • United Nations Homepage
    Includes links to UN NewsCenter, which includes headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • International Monetary Fund - Bahrain
    Headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • The World Bank Group
    This site is undergoing construction problems (2Jan03.) Check later. Includes links to Bahrain at a Glance and other WBG sites through Search Bahrain .

  • U.S. Commercial Service - Bahrain
    " The Country Commercial Guides (CCG) are prepared by US
    Embassy Staff once a year and contain information on the
    business and economic situation of foreign countries and the
    political climate as it affects U.S. Business"

  • TradePort Country Library - Bahrain
    From About: "TradePort is designed to be an easy-to-use tool offering one place to go for comprehensive trade information,
    trade leads, and company databases."

  • Energy Information Administration Country Analysis Briefs - Bahrain
    From About: "The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, the a statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Energy. We provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analysis to promote sound policy making efficient markets and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and environment."

  • World Health Organization - Bahrain
    About WHO: "The World Health Organization, the United Nations specialized agency for health, was established on 7 April 1948. WHO's objective, as set out in its Constitution, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health is defined in WHO's Constitution as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

  • International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies - Bahrain
    The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is the world's largest humanitarian organisation, with 178 member National Societies.

  • Amnesty International - Bahrain
    Amnesty Intention is a champion defender of human rights worldwide. Familiarity with a given country's human rights issues can provide a unique insight into many other aspects of its culture and politics.

  • Human Rights Watch - Bahrain
    Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world.

  • Official OPEC Website
    The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) "is an international Organization of eleven developing countries which are heavily reliant on oil revenues as their main source of income. Membership is open to any country which is a substantial net exporter of oil and which shares the ideals of the Organization. The current Members are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela." Site includes links to information on individual Member Countries
    .

  • Lonely Planet World Guide - Bahrain
    The people at Lonely Planet are not your typical travel guides. They're bright and on top of situations in the countries they write about. A lot can be learned from them. Typical headings include: Introduction, Facts for the Traveler, When to Go, Events, Money and Costs, Attractions, Off the Beaten Track, Activities, History, Culture, Environment, Getting There and Away, Getting Around, and Further Reading and Related Weblinks.

  • Arab German Consulting - Bahrain
    This website provides a European view of the Arab world. Facts are facts but a careful reading of the History and Government sections often reveals a point of view that is different from American sites. Excellent Links page.




  • Kidon Media-Links: Bahrain
    Connect you with online radio and television stations, newspapers
    and magazines.

  • OnlineNewspapers.com - Bahrain
    About 5 online newspapers from Bahrain from this print media megasite.

  • Yahoo! News -- Bahrain
    Current and recent events news reports in English from a variety of sources.

  • TVRadioWorld - Bahrain
    About: "TvRadioWorld is an informational directory dealing with radio and television broadcasters worldwide." Site allows you to bookmark favorite radio stations for listening.



    D. Egypt



  • Middle East Network Information Center - Egypt
    This public service site from the University of Texas Center for Middle Eastern Studies offers in-country information on subjects ranging from arts and humanities, and education, to society and culture.

  • African Studies - Egypt
    Individual country links from Columbia University and WWW Virtual Library noted above in Mega Resource Sites.

  • Yahoo Regional Country Sites - Egypt
    Links to sites for Cities, Arts and Humanities, Business and Economy, Computers and Internet, Country Guides, Education, Government, News and Media, Social Science, Society and Culture, etc.


  • Egypt - A Country Study
    Exceptionally detailed presentation from the Library of Congress. Includes sections on: Geography, Society, Economy, Government and Politics, Very detailed History and Historical Development, Contemporary Trends, etc. Excellent! (101202)

  • US Department of State - Background Notes: Egypt
    Background Notes are updated/revised as they are received from regional bureaus and are added to the database of the Department of State web site. Categories include: Geography, People, History, Government, Political Conditions, Economy, Defense, Foreign Relations, US Relations, and Travel/Business.

  • CIA - The World Factbook: Egypt
    Good resource site for information on Geography, People, Government, Economy, Communications, Transportation,
    Military, and Transnational Issues

  • BBC News Country Profile - Egypt
    Solid sketch of Facts, Leaders, Media, with links to Historic Timeline, Real Media "Watch/Listen" clips, etc.

  • Political Resources on the Net - Egypt
    Listings of political sites available on the Internet sorted by country, with links to Parties, Organizations, Governments, Media and more from all around the world.

  • Foreign Government Resources on the Web
    Links to Foreign Government Web Sites from the Documents Center, University of Michigan

  • CountryWatch.com - Egypt
    "CountryWatch is a world leader in providing country specific geopolitical intelligence on each of the 192 countries of the world." Basic information is free; deeper resources require subscription.

  • United Nations Homepage
    Includes links to UN NewsCenter, which includes headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • International Monetary Fund - Egypt
    Headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • The World Bank Group
    This site is undergoing construction problems (2Jan03.) Check later. Includes links to Egypt at a Glance and other WBG sites through Search Egypt .

  • The World Trade Organization
    "The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world's trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business." Includes detailed information on Members and Observers - Egypt (Member).

  • U.S. Commercial Service - Egypt
    " The Country Commercial Guides (CCG) are prepared by US
    Embassy Staff once a year and contain information on the
    business and economic situation of foreign countries and the
    political climate as it affects U.S. Business"

  • TradePort Country Library - Egypt
    From About: "TradePort is designed to be an easy-to-use tool offering one place to go for comprehensive trade information,
    trade leads, and company databases."

  • Energy Information Administration Country Analysis Briefs - Egypt
    From About: "The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, the a statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Energy. We provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analysis to promote sound policy making efficient markets and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and environment."

  • World Health Organization - Egypt
    About WHO: "The World Health Organization, the United Nations specialized agency for health, was established on 7 April 1948. WHO's objective, as set out in its Constitution, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health is defined in WHO's Constitution as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

  • International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies - Egypt
    The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is the world's largest humanitarian organisation, with 178 member National Societies.

  • Amnesty International - Egypt
    Amnesty Intention is a champion defender of human rights worldwide. Familiarity with a given country's human rights issues can provide a unique insight into many other aspects of its culture and politics.

  • Human Rights Watch - Egypt
    Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world.

  • Lonely Planet World Guide - Egypt
    The people at Lonely Planet are not your typical travel guides. They're bright and on top of situations in the countries they write about. A lot can be learned from them. Typical headings include: Introduction, Facts for the Traveler, When to Go, Events, Money and Costs, Attractions, Off the Beaten Track, Activities, History, Culture, Environment, Getting There and Away, Getting Around, and Further Reading and Related Weblinks.

  • Arab German Consulting - Egypt
    This website provides a European view of the Arab world. Facts are facts but a careful reading of the History and Government sections often reveals a point of view that is different from American sites. Excellent Links page.



  • Kidon Media-Links: Egypt
    An excellent selection of online newspapers, magazines, radio stations, etc.

  • OnlineNewspapers.com - Egypt
    About 20 online newspapers from Egypt from this print media megasite.

  • Yahoo! News -- Egypt
    Current and recent events news reports in English from a variety of sources.

  • TVRadioWorld - Egypt
    About: "TvRadioWorld is an informational directory dealing with radio and television broadcasters worldwide." Site allows you to bookmark favorite radio stations for listening.



    E. Iraq



  • Middle East Network Information Center - Iraq
    This public service site from the University of Texas Center for Middle Eastern Studies offers in-country information on subjects ranging from arts and humanities, and education, to society and culture.

  • Middle East and Jewish Studies - Iraq
    Individual country links from Columbia University and WWW Virtual Library noted above in Mega Resource Sites.

  • Library of Congress - Portals to the World: Iraq
    Links to electronic resources selected by Library of Congress subject experts. Site is very conservative and somewhat disappointing in its offerings.

  • Yahoo Regional Country Sites - Iraq
    News Full Coverage: in-depth coverage on Iraq; World Factbook: information about Iraq at Yahoo! Reference; links to sites for Cities, Arts and Humanities, Business and Economy, Computers and Internet, Country Guides, Education, Government, News and Media, Social Science, Society and Culture, etc.


  • Iraq - A Country Study
    Exceptionally detailed presentation from the Library of Congress. Includes sections on: Geography, Society, Economy, Government and Politics, Very detailed History and Historical Development, Contemporary Trends, etc. Excellent! (101202)

  • US Department of State - Background Notes: Iraq
    Background Notes are updated/revised as they are received from regional bureaus and are added to the database of the Department of State web site. Categories include: Geography, People, History, Government, Political Conditions, Economy, Defense, Foreign Relations, US Relations, and Travel/Business.

  • CIA - World Factbook - Iraq
    Good resource site for information on Geography, People, Government, Economy, Communications, Transportation,
    Military, and Transnational Issues

  • BBC News Country Profile - Iraq
    Solid sketch of Facts, Leaders, Media, with links to Historic Timeline, Real Media "Watch/Listen" clips, etc.

  • BBC News - Voices from Iraq
    "The United States and its allies have said that their quarrel is not with the Iraqi people, but with Saddam Hussein and his regime. However, if it comes to war, ordinary Iraqis will be caught in the middle. BBC News online spoke to six Iraqis about their
    lives, fears and hopes."

  • Foreign Government Resources on the Web
    Links to Foreign Government Web Sites from the Documents Center, University of Michigan

  • Political Resources on the Net - Iraq
    Listings of political sites available on the Internet sorted by country, with links to Parties, Organizations, Governments, Media and more from all around the world.

  • CountryWatch.com - Iraq
    "CountryWatch is a world leader in providing country specific geopolitical intelligence on each of the 192 countries of the world." Basic information is free; deeper resources require subscription.

  • United Nations Homepage
    Includes links to UN NewsCenter, which includes headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • International Monetary Fund - Iraq
    Headlines in latest developments in Peace and Security, Economic Development, Humanitarian Aid/Refugees, Environment/Shelter, Human Rights, Women/Children/Population, Health/Poverty/Food Security, Culture/Education.

  • The World Bank Group
    This site is undergoing construction problems (2Jan03.) Check later. Includes Iraq at a Glance and WBG Search - Iraq. .

  • TradePort Country Library - Iraq
    From About: "TradePort is designed to be an easy-to-use tool offering one place to go for comprehensive trade information,
    trade leads, and company databases."

  • Energy Information Administration Country Analysis Briefs - Iraq
    From About: "The Energy Information Administration (EIA), created by Congress in 1977, the a statistical agency of the U.S. Department of Energy. We provide policy-independent data, forecasts, and analysis to promote sound policy making efficient markets and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and environment."

  • World Health Organization - Iraq
    About WHO: "The World Health Organization, the United Nations specialized agency for health, was established on 7 April 1948. WHO's objective, as set out in its Constitution, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health is defined in WHO's Constitution as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

  • International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies - Iraq
    The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is the world's largest humanitarian organisation, with 178 member National Societies.

  • Amnesty International - Iraq
    Amnesty Intention is a champion defender of human rights worldwide. Familiarity with a given country's human rights issues can provide a unique insight into many other aspects of its culture and politics.

  • Human Rights Watch - Iraq
    Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world.

  • Official OPEC Website
    The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) "is an international Organization of eleven developing countries which are heavily reliant on oil revenues as their main source of income. Membership is open to any country which is a substantial net exporter of oil and which shares the ideals of the Organization. The current Members are Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela." Site includes links to information on individual Member Countries
    .

  • Lonely Planet World Guide - Iraq
    The people at Lonely Planet are not your typical travel guides. They're bright and on top of situations in the countries they write about. A lot can be learned from them. Typical headings include: Introduction, Facts for the Traveler, When to Go, Events, Money and Costs, Attractions, Off the Beaten Track, Activities, History, Culture, Environment, Getting There and Away, Getting Around, and Further Reading and Related Weblinks.

  • Dangerous Places - Iraq
    This is an unusual website: "The authors and publishers assume no liability nor do they encourage you to do, see, visit or try any of the activities or actions discussed in this site." Nonetheless, there is some very good, hard to find information here - whether you're a soldier of fortune or just an interested student of the country.

  • Al-bab.com - Iraq
    Excellent resource site for everything. Includes links to topics like Documents,| Economy, History, Kurds, Media, Military, Opposition, Politics, Sanctions. Very strong in up-to-the-minute news on Iraq from a variety of sources.