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1.  What do you think is a useful definition of culture for your organization?  To what extent is it separate from language in your organization?
 

Culture and language

"Language and culture are inseparable for all language levels."

"Language and culture go hand in hand and neither one can exit without the other." "

"...inseparable because language reflects culture."

"Understanding of host nation norms, traditions, values, etc; can be learned without knowing the language."

"culture has lexical content, semantic content, and pragmatic domains; it doe not have syntax, morphology, or phonology."

"purely language: phonology, morphology, and syntax"...overlapping langua-culture: pragmatics, lexicon, most aspects of semantics, ...discourse structure and behaviors, genre..."

"Culture may be learned without knowledge of the target language, but it doesn't happen the other way around."
 

Practices

 "what to do when and where"

" a body of learned behaviors common to a given society..."

" the shared patterns of behaviors and interactions, cognitive constructs, and affective understanding that are learned through a process of socialization and passed down to successive generations. "

"transmitted informally from one person to another and from one generation to the next by means of spoken (NOT written) language."

"regional expertise"
 

Products

"Culture would probably also include "Big-C" culture, as well: literature, art, architecture."

"sociological approach based on attitudes and beliefs, ways of thinking, behaving, and remembering shared by members of that community."

 "includes aspects of history, religion, customs, and normal relationships standards ... that are regularly exercised by educated and informed individuals in a society."

 

Perspectives

 "why they do it that way", "how can they think that"

"awareness and knowledge of the currently accepted cultural norms & practices related to the target language."

"...governs the ways the people of each nation think, believe, behave and speak."

"widely shared ideals, values, formation and uses of categories, assumptions about life, and goal-directed activities that become unconsciously or subconsciously accepted as right and correct by people who identify themselves as members of a society."


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